Otology & Neurotology is a specialized branch of otolaryngology focused on the diagnosis, treatment, and research of disorders affecting the ear and related neurological structures. This includes conditions of the external, middle, and inner ear, as well as the auditory and vestibular systems. Key topics include hearing loss, tinnitus, vertigo, Meniere’s disease, cochlear implants, auditory brainstem responses, and skull base tumors such as vestibular schwannomas. Advancements in microsurgery, neuroimaging, and implantable auditory devices have significantly enhanced treatment outcomes. The field also explores neural pathways related to hearing and balance, integrating insights from neurology, audiology, and biomedical engineering. Research in otology and neurotology contributes to improving patient care through innovative diagnostics, surgical techniques, and rehabilitation strategies for both congenital and acquired disorders.