Nanomaterials have revolutionized the field of analytical chemistry by enhancing sensitivity, selectivity, and detection capabilities. Due to their unique physicochemical properties such as high surface area, reactivity, and tunable optical and electronic behavior nanomaterials are widely used in sensors, biosensors, and separation techniques. In chromatography and spectroscopy, they improve sample preparation, separation efficiency, and signal amplification. Metallic nanoparticles, quantum dots, carbon nanotubes, and graphene-based materials are commonly applied in detecting trace levels of biological and chemical analytes. Their incorporation into analytical devices enables rapid, accurate, and low-cost analysis, especially in point-of-care diagnostics and environmental monitoring. As nanotechnology advances, the integration of nanomaterials into analytical systems continues to open new possibilities for miniaturization, automation, and high-throughput analysis across multiple scientific disciplines.