Synthetic biology is an innovative and interdisciplinary field that combines biology, engineering, genetics, and computer science to design and construct new biological parts, systems, and organisms. It involves modifying existing biological systems or creating entirely new ones with specific functions, often using standardized genetic components. The goal is to engineer biological systems for useful applications in medicine, agriculture, industry, and environmental protection. Examples include developing bacteria that produce biofuels, creating synthetic vaccines, or engineering microbes to clean up pollutants. Synthetic biology also allows for precise control of gene expression and metabolic pathways. By applying engineering principles to biology, synthetic biology enables the development of programmable cells and novel biomolecular devices. This rapidly growing field holds great promise for advancing biotechnology and solving real-world challenges in health and sustainability.