Targeted and Precision Cancer Therapy focuses on treating cancer by considering the specific genetic, molecular, and cellular characteristics of a patient's tumor. Targeted therapy involves the use of drugs or agents that specifically block cancer-related molecules such as mutated genes or proteins that drive tumor growth and survival. These therapies, including tyrosine kinase inhibitors and monoclonal antibodies, aim to attack cancer cells while minimizing damage to normal cells. Precision cancer therapy goes beyond targeting a single mutation by using comprehensive genomic and molecular profiling to tailor treatment plans to each patient’s unique cancer type. This personalized approach allows for more effective and less toxic treatments, reduces trial-and-error in drug selection, and improves patient outcomes. Together, these therapies represent a major advancement in delivering safer, more accurate, and individualized cancer care.