Atherosclerosis & Lipid Disorders encompass conditions related to abnormal lipid metabolism and the buildup of plaque in arterial walls, leading to cardiovascular diseases such as coronary artery disease, stroke, and peripheral artery disease. Atherosclerosis is driven by elevated levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, triglycerides, and other inflammatory processes, while protective high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels are often reduced. Management focuses on lifestyle modification, statin therapy, and newer lipid-lowering agents like PCSK9 inhibitors and bempedoic acid. Diagnostic tools include lipid panels, coronary calcium scoring, and advanced imaging. Research explores the genetic basis of dyslipidemia, novel biomarkers, and targeted therapies to prevent plaque progression and rupture. Preventive strategies and early intervention are essential to reducing morbidity and mortality associated with lipid disorders and atherosclerosis-related complications.