Environmental Toxicology and Chemical Exposure focuses on understanding the impact of toxic chemicals on human health and the environment. It examines how pollutants such as pesticides, heavy metals, industrial chemicals, and pharmaceuticals enter ecosystems and living organisms through air, water, soil, and food. These substances can cause harmful effects, including cancer, hormonal disruption, developmental issues, and organ damage. Chemical exposure occurs through inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact, making accurate risk assessment essential. Environmental toxicologists use analytical methods like chromatography, spectroscopy, and bioassays to detect and evaluate toxic substances. This field supports the development of safety guidelines, environmental regulations, and cleanup strategies. By identifying and managing toxic risks, environmental toxicology plays a key role in safeguarding public health and ensuring ecological balance in a polluted world.