Soil Contamination and Remediation focuses on identifying, managing, and cleaning up hazardous substances that degrade soil quality and pose risks to human health and the environment. Soil contamination often results from industrial activities, improper waste disposal, agricultural chemicals, and oil spills, leading to the presence of heavy metals, hydrocarbons, pesticides, and other pollutants. Effective remediation techniques include bioremediation, phytoremediation, soil washing, chemical oxidation, and thermal treatment, which aim to remove, neutralize, or contain contaminants. Analytical methods like spectroscopy, gas chromatography, and mass spectrometry are used to assess pollutant levels and guide remediation strategies. These efforts are critical for restoring land productivity, protecting groundwater, and ensuring ecological balance. With growing environmental concerns, sustainable and cost-effective remediation solutions are increasingly prioritized worldwide.