Sam Vaknin*
Professor of Clinical Psychology in CIAPS (Commonwealth Institute of Advanced and Professional Studies), Cambridge, UK
*Correspondence to:
, Professor of Clinical Psychology in CIAPS (Commonwealth Institute of Advanced and Professional Studies), Cambridge, UK. E-Mail:
Received: August 25, 2025;
Manuscript No: JPPC-25-1666;
Editor Assigned: August 28, 2025;
PreQc No: JPPC-25-1666(PQ);
Reviewed: September 01, 2025;
Revised: September 05, 2025;
Manuscript No: JPPC-25-1666(R);
Published: October 15, 2025
NARCISSISTIC DISORDERS
The latest iteration of the diagnostic and statistical manual, the DSM, the text revision of the fifth edition published in 2022. Yet, most of the text appears to have been written in the 1990s, not in 2022. And the reason is very simple: it has been written in the 1990s. It has been largely copy pasted from a text that has been authored in the late 1990s, the DSM IV. It is as updated, as accurate, and gets it right as often as what we used to know 30 years ago.